Adam Zamoyski
They Shall Not Pass
The Fortess: The Great Siege of Przemyśl
By Alexander Watson
Allen Lane 346pp £25 order from our bookshop
There is a great deal more to this book than an account of the longest siege of the Great War, one that stalled the Russian advance and saved the Central Powers from defeat in 1914. It reveals, in microcosm, everything that was mad, bad and dangerous about the Austro-Hungarian Empire in its final stages, and more besides.
Przemyśl was in 1914 a provincial town in Galicia, the part of Poland seized by the Habsburgs in 1772. In the 1870s it was selected as the site for a bulwark against possible attack by Russia and work began on an elaborate system of defences. By 1914, seventeen principal and eighteen subsidiary forts had been built around the perimeter of the town, which measured forty-eight kilometres in circumference. These monsters of brick and concrete covered with earth were by then obsolete, as were most of their guns.
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