The terrorist assault on the In Amenas gas facility in Algeria in January, by a breakaway faction of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) seeking the limelight, led David Cameron to declare that a ‘large and existential threat’ to the West existed in North Africa. He made this pronouncement even as black Malians, some of whom are still enslaved to Arabs and Tuaregs, welcomed troops from their former colonial overlord who delivered them from Islamist tyranny.